Non-QM & International Lending

Foreign National Mortgage Loans:How Non-U.S. Residents Can Finance U.S. Real Estate

You do not need a Social Security number, a U.S. credit history, or even a visa to finance American property. Foreign national loans are built specifically for overseas buyers — here is exactly how they work in 2026.

Saman Khanian, author and mortgage professional at Equitable Lending

Saman Khanian

Author & Mortgage Professional

Updated January 2026
12 min read
American city skyline at dusk representing U.S. real estate investment

No SSN

Required

Passport & ITIN programs

International investor at an airport window holding a passport before departure
The Short Answer

What Is a Foreign National Loan?

A foreign national mortgage is a non-QM loan that lets someone who is not a U.S. citizen and does not live in the United States buy American property. Instead of a Social Security number, U.S. credit history, and W-2s, these programs qualify you on your passport, foreign income, and available assets — or on the property's own rental income.

Foreign National Loans at a Glance

Down Payment

20–30%

Typical range. Stronger files land at 20–25%.

Identification

Passport / ITIN

A Social Security number and U.S. visa are not required.

Credit History

Foreign or None

Programs accept foreign credit reports or no score at all.

Unlike FHA and VA loans, foreign national programs are not restricted to primary residences. You can buy an investment property, a second home, or a rental — and keep it as an investment from day one.

Eligibility

Who Qualifies as a Foreign National?

"Foreign national" is an underwriting category, not a legal one. Where you actually sit determines which programs are open to you — and sometimes a cheaper one is available than you expect.

Passport Only

Non-Resident Foreign National

You live outside the United States, have no U.S. visa, no Social Security number, and no U.S. credit file. This is the classic foreign national borrower — and it is fully financeable.

ITIN Programs

ITIN Holder

You have an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number because you file U.S. taxes, but you are not a citizen or permanent resident. ITIN mortgages often come with slightly better pricing.

Resident Alien

Visa Holder / H-1B, L-1, E-2

You live and work in the U.S. on a work visa. You may qualify for conventional or even FHA financing rather than a foreign national program — often a cheaper path.

Permanent Resident

Green Card Holder

Lawful permanent residents are treated as U.S. borrowers for most programs and can access FHA, VA, and conventional loans with their full benefits.

Entity Vesting

Foreign Corporation or LLC

You are buying through an offshore company, a U.S. LLC, or a trust. Entity vesting is common and generally permitted on foreign national programs.

Expat

U.S. Citizen Abroad

You are an American citizen living overseas. You are not a foreign national at all — you typically qualify for standard U.S. loan programs.

Not sure which category you fall into? This is the single most important question to answer before you shop. Visa holders and green card holders frequently qualify for conventional or FHA financing with 3.5–5% down — dramatically less than the 20–30% a true foreign national program requires. One conversation can save you six figures.

Program Types

The Four Ways Non-Residents Finance U.S. Property

These are not competing products so much as different answers to the same question: what are we going to qualify you on? The right one depends on your residency, your documentation, and whether the property will rent.

01

Foreign National Loan

Stated Income, Passport Only

The most common option. You qualify on documented foreign income, bank statements, or a stated-income basis depending on the lender — with no U.S. credit file required. Expect 25–30% down for the widest availability.

  • No Social Security number or U.S. credit required
  • Foreign income documented in your home currency
  • Works for second homes and investment properties

02

ITIN Mortgage

For U.S. Tax Filers

If you have an ITIN and file U.S. tax returns, you may qualify on those returns rather than foreign documents. Because the documentation is closer to a standard file, pricing and down payment requirements are often more favorable.

  • Uses your U.S. tax returns for qualification
  • Down payments commonly start at 15–20%
  • Often the best value for resident ITIN borrowers

03

DSCR Loan

Qualify on the Property

The strongest option for investors. The lender ignores your personal income entirely and qualifies the loan on the rental property's cash flow. If the rent covers the payment, you can qualify — sometimes with no income documentation at all.

  • No personal income or employment verification
  • Rate and terms driven by the property's cash flow
  • Popular with overseas investors building a U.S. portfolio

04

Asset-Based / Asset Depletion

Qualify on What You Have

Instead of income, the lender looks at liquid assets. A large verified balance — foreign or domestic — can be converted into a qualifying income figure. Useful for high-net-worth buyers between ventures or living on investments.

  • Qualify on reserves rather than employment income
  • Foreign bank and brokerage accounts can count
  • Requires substantial verifiable liquidity
International investor reviewing property financing details from a hotel lobby

Not sure which program fits your file?

We work with lenders who specialize in foreign national and ITIN lending. Tell us your situation and we will match you to the program with the lowest down payment and best rate.

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What It Takes

Foreign National Loan Requirements

Foreign national lending is not standardized the way FHA or conventional lending is — every lender publishes its own guidelines. These are the benchmarks across the market in 2026.

20–30%

Down Payment

Generally 25–30% for a true non-resident foreign national; 20% is achievable for ITIN borrowers and stronger files. Funds must be sourced and documented.

Passport

Identification

A valid, unexpired passport from your country of citizenship. An ITIN or visa is helpful but not required on most foreign national programs.

Varies

Income Documentation

Depends on the program — foreign tax returns, bank statements, an accountant's letter, or a stated-income approach with asset verification.

2+ Months

Asset Verification

Recent statements from your home-country bank or brokerage accounts, translated to English where needed, showing the down payment and reserves.

6–12 Months

Reserves

Foreign national programs typically require more reserves than domestic loans — often six to twelve months of mortgage payments in liquid assets.

Most Types

Property Type

Single-family homes, condos, townhomes, and 2–4 unit properties. Investment and second homes are permitted — occupancy is not restricted.

Overseas buyer organizing financial documents on a tablet before applying
Document Checklist

Have these ready before you apply

What You Will Need to Provide

Foreign documentation is welcome — it simply needs to be translated into English and, for some accounts, converted to U.S. dollars. Our team will tell you exactly which items apply to your file so you are not gathering paperwork you will never need.

  • Valid passport (and visa or ITIN if you have one)
  • Proof of address in your home country
  • Two months of bank and asset statements, translated to English
  • Income documentation — foreign tax returns, bank statements, or an accountant's letter
  • Credit report from your home country, if available
  • Purchase contract or sales agreement once you are in escrow
  • Entity documents if buying through a corporation, LLC, or trust
  • Evidence of the down payment source, including gift letters if applicable
Explore our Non-QM loan programs
The Investor's Route

Qualifying on the Property Instead of Yourself

For overseas investors, a DSCR loan is often the cleanest path into U.S. real estate. The lender never looks at your personal income — only at whether the property's rent covers the mortgage.

How the DSCR Ratio Works

Step 1 · Numerator

Gross Rental Income

The market rent the property generates, set by an appraisal or rent schedule.

Step 2 · Denominator

Full Monthly Payment

Principal, interest, property taxes, insurance, and any HOA dues.

Step 3 · The Ratio

Income ÷ Payment

A ratio of 1.0 means rent exactly covers the payment.

Example: A property rents for $3,200/month and the full payment is $2,600/month → DSCR = 3,200 ÷ 2,600 = 1.23. Many foreign national DSCR programs want to see 1.00 to 1.25.

What You Do Not Need

  • No personal income or employment verification
  • No U.S. tax returns or W-2s
  • No U.S. credit score in many cases
  • No requirement to occupy the property

What You Still Need

  • 25–30% down for most foreign national DSCR programs
  • Six to twelve months of reserves in liquid assets
  • A property that appraises at market rent
  • Documented, sourced down payment funds
Cost & Structure

Rates, Down Payment & Tax Considerations

Foreign national loans price higher than domestic mortgages because they carry more risk to the lender. Where you fall in the table below makes a large difference to your total cost.

Borrower TypeIdentificationTypical DownPricing
Non-Resident Foreign NationalPassport25–30%Highest tier
ITIN Borrower (U.S. Tax Filer)ITIN15–20%Moderate tier
Foreign National DSCRPassport25–30%Rate on cash flow
Visa Holder (H-1B, L-1, E-2)SSN / Visa3.5–5%*Standard tiers
Green Card HolderSSN3.5–5%*Standard tiers

*Important: Visa and green card holders do not need a foreign national program at all. They typically qualify for FHA, VA, or conventional financing with far lower down payments. Rates shown above are illustrative tiers, not quotes. Foreign national pricing changes daily and varies by lender, country, loan size, and property. Call (877) 885-0111 for today's exact pricing on your scenario.

Modern international airport terminal representing cross-border investment
Plan Ahead

U.S. tax rules apply to your property

Tax Rules Every Foreign Investor Should Know

Financing is only half the picture. Owning U.S. property as a non-resident carries specific tax obligations — and structuring before you close is far easier than fixing it afterward.

  • FIRPTA withholding. When you eventually sell, a percentage of the sale price may be withheld by the IRS. This is a withholding, not necessarily a final tax.
  • Rental income reporting. Net rental income from U.S. property is generally taxable in the U.S. Whether you file a treaty election or are taxed gross can change your outcome significantly.
  • Estate tax exposure. U.S. situs assets can be subject to U.S. estate tax with a far lower exemption than citizens receive. This is why many foreign investors buy through an entity.
  • Treaty benefits. Many countries hold tax treaties with the U.S. that can reduce or eliminate withholding on mortgage interest and other income.

We are lenders, not tax advisors. These are points to raise with a qualified U.S. tax professional before you close. We will happily coordinate with your CPA or attorney.

Step by Step

How to Finance U.S. Property From Abroad

Six steps, in order. International transactions reward planning — the buyers who struggle are the ones who start the paperwork after they have already found the house.

1

Confirm Your Borrower Category

Non-resident foreign national, ITIN holder, visa holder, or green card holder? This single answer determines your down payment, rate tier, and paperwork. Getting it right at the start can save you tens of thousands.

2

Choose Purchase or Investment Strategy

Decide whether you are buying a second home to use or a rental property to hold. Investment purchases open up DSCR qualification, which can be dramatically easier if your personal documentation is thin.

3

Prepare Translated Documentation

Passport, home-country bank statements, income proof, and proof of address — translated into English. Start early; international document gathering is usually the slowest part of the process.

4

Get Pre-Approved Before You Shop

Foreign national pre-approval is essential. It tells sellers you are a serious, financeable buyer and prevents you from making an offer on a property your program cannot fund.

5

Open a U.S. Bank Account and Move Funds

Lenders generally want to see the down payment and reserves deposited in a U.S. account before closing. Plan the transfer early — international wires take time and are scrutinized for sourcing.

6

Appraisal, Underwriting & Closing

An appraiser confirms value and market rent, underwriting reviews the file, and you sign at closing. International buyers can close remotely with a power of attorney if travel is not practical.

Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

What overseas buyers and their advisors ask us most about U.S. property financing.

Can a non-U.S. citizen buy a house in the United States?
Yes. There is no citizenship requirement to buy U.S. real estate, and no restriction on foreign ownership of residential property. Foreign nationals can purchase with cash or finance the purchase through a foreign national mortgage program, which qualifies you on your passport, foreign income, and assets rather than a U.S. credit history.
Do I need a Social Security number to get a U.S. mortgage?
No. Standard FHA, VA, and conventional loans require a Social Security number, but foreign national and ITIN mortgage programs do not. They accept a valid passport as identification, and an ITIN if you already have one. This is the specific gap these programs were designed to fill.
How much do I need for a down payment as a foreign national?
Typically 20% to 30% of the purchase price. A true non-resident foreign national should plan for 25–30%. ITIN borrowers who file U.S. tax returns often qualify at 15–20%. If you hold a work visa or green card, you are not limited to these programs at all — FHA financing can start at 3.5% down.
Can I get a mortgage without a U.S. credit score?
Yes. Foreign national programs substitute other evidence of creditworthiness — a credit report from your home country, a history of on-time payments to international creditors, verification of substantial liquid assets, or simply a larger down payment. Many programs approve borrowers with no U.S. credit file whatsoever.
Can I rent out a property I buy as a foreign national?
Yes, and this is one of the biggest advantages. Unlike FHA and VA loans, foreign national programs do not require you to occupy the property. You can buy a pure investment property, rent it out, and even qualify on the property's rental income through a DSCR loan without documenting your personal income at all.
What documents will I need to provide?
A valid passport, proof of address in your home country, two months of foreign bank and asset statements translated into English, income documentation appropriate to the program, and evidence of the down payment source. If you are buying through a corporation or LLC, entity documents are also required. Translation into English is standard for all foreign-language documents.
Are foreign national mortgage rates higher?
Yes, generally. Because these are non-QM loans with flexible documentation and no U.S. credit history, lenders price them above conventional mortgages to reflect the added risk. Your exact rate depends on your down payment, reserves, property type, loan size, and the specific lender's guidelines. Pricing changes daily.
Do I have to travel to the United States to close?
No. Many international buyers close remotely using a power of attorney, signing documents through a U.S. notary or at a consulate abroad. We will coordinate the closing process so you are not required to travel for the signing, though some buyers prefer to be present.
Saman Khanian, Chief Executive Officer at Equitable Lending
About the Author

Saman Khanian

Saman Khanian is a mortgage professional and the CEO of Equitable Lending, where he helps foreign nationals, self-employed borrowers, and real estate investors finance U.S. property. He writes about Non-QM lending, foreign national and ITIN programs, DSCR financing, and mortgage strategies for buyers with complex financial pictures.

Disclosure: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute a loan commitment, rate quote, tax advice, or financial advice. Foreign national and Non-QM mortgage guidelines, rates, fees, down payment requirements, and eligibility vary by lender, borrower, property, and country of residence. All loans are subject to credit approval and underwriting. Tax matters discussed here — including FIRPTA withholding, rental income reporting, and estate tax exposure — should be reviewed with a qualified U.S. tax professional. Equitable Lending is a licensed mortgage lender — see our Licensing Information page. NMLS: 1124483. Contact a licensed loan officer to discuss your specific scenario.

Financing Across Borders

Ready to Buy U.S. Property From Abroad?

Tell us your country of residence, your down payment, and the property you have in mind. A licensed loan officer will confirm which program you qualify for and exactly what it will cost — before you commit to anything.

Or email us at Info@EquitableLending.com